init

Reversi/Board.java

@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+package reversi.model;
+
+
+/**
+ * Interface for a Reversi game, also known as Othello.
+ *
+ * A human plays against the machine.
+ */
+public interface Board extends Cloneable {
+
+    /**
+     * The number of rows and columns of the game grid. Originally 8.
+     * Here, even and at least 4.
+     */
+    int SIZE = 8;
+
+    /**
+     * Get the player who should start or already has started the game.
+     *
+     * @return The player who makes the initial move.
+     */
+    Player getFirstPlayer();
+
+    /**
+     * Get the player who owns the next game turn.
+     *
+     * @return The player who is allowed to make the next turn.
+     */
+    Player next();
+
+    /**
+     * Execute a human move.
+     *
+     * @param row The slot's row number where a tile of the human player should
+     *        be placed on.
+     * @param col The slot's column number where a tile of the human player
+     *        should be placed on.
+     * @return {@code true} if and only if move was successful, e.g., the
+     *         defined slot was not occupied and at least one tile of the
+     *         machine was reversed.
+     * @throws IllegalMoveException If the game is already over, or it is not
+     *         the human's turn.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException If the provided parameters are
+     *         invalid, e.g., the defined slot was is not on the grid.
+     */
+    boolean move(int row, int col);
+
+    /**
+     * Execute a machine move.
+     *
+     * @throws IllegalMoveException If the game is already over, or it is not
+     *         the machine's turn.
+     */
+    void machineMove();
+
+    /**
+     * Set the skill level of the machine.
+     *
+     * @param level The skill as a number, must be at least 1.
+     */
+    void setLevel(int level);
+
+    /**
+     * Check if the game is over. Either one player has won or there is a tie,
+     * i.e., no player can perform a move any more.
+     * 
+     * @return {@code true} if and only if the game is over.
+     */
+    boolean gameOver();
+
+    /**
+     * Check if the game state is won.
+     *
+     * @return The winner or nobody in case of a tie.
+     */
+    Player getWinner();
+
+    /**
+     * Get the number of human tiles currently placed on the grid.
+     *
+     * @return The number of human tiles.
+     */
+    int getNumberOfHumanTiles();
+
+    /**
+     * Get the number of machine tiles currently placed on the grid.
+     *
+     * @return The number of machine tiles.
+     */
+    int getNumberOfMachineTiles();
+
+    /**
+     * Get the content of the slot at the specified coordinates. Either it
+     * contains a tile of one of the two players already or it is empty.
+     *
+     * @param row The row of the slot in the game grid.
+     * @param col The column of the slot in the game grid.
+     * @return The slot's content.
+     */
+    Player getSlot(int row, int col);
+
+    /**
+     * Deep-copy the board.
+     *
+     * @return A clone.
+     */
+    Board clone();
+
+    /**
+     * Get the string representation of this board as row x column matrix. Each
+     * slot is represented by one the three chars '.', 'X', or 'O'. '.' means
+     * that the slot currently contains no tile. 'X' means that it contains a
+     * tile of the human player. 'O' means that it contains a machine tile. In
+     * contrast to the rows, the columns are whitespace separated.
+     *
+     * @return The string representation of the current Reversi game.
+     */
+    @Override
+    String toString();
+
+}

Reversi/Field.java

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+package reversi.model;
+
+/**
+ * Class for a reversi field.
+ */
+public class Field {
+
+    /**
+     * <code>Row</code> of the field.
+     */
+    private int row;
+
+    /**
+     * <code>Column</code> of the field.
+     */
+    private int col;
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs a new field.
+     *
+     * @param row row of the field
+     * @param col column of the field
+     */
+    public Field(final int row, final int col) {
+        this.row = row;
+        this.col = col;
+    }
+    /**
+     *
+     * @return The row of the field.
+     */
+    public final int row() {
+        return row;
+    }
+    /**
+     *
+     * @return the column of the field.
+     */
+    public final int col() {
+        return col;
+    }
+}

Reversi/GameNode.java

@@ -0,0 +1,164 @@
+package reversi.model;
+
+import java.util.LinkedList;
+
+/**
+ * Class for a gamenode. Is needed to build a gametree for e.g. minmax
+ * algorithm. A node represents a virtual move.
+ *
+ */
+public class GameNode {
+
+    /**
+     * Reversi-board of the node.
+     */
+    private Reversi state;
+
+    /**
+     * Scoring of the node.
+     */
+    private double score;
+
+    /**
+     * The Move.
+     */
+    private Field move;
+
+    /**
+     * Children of the node.
+     */
+    private LinkedList<GameNode> children;
+
+    /**
+     * Constructor for the root node.
+     *
+     * @param move Root move
+     * @param state Board of the root node
+     */
+    GameNode(final Field move, final Reversi state) {
+        this.move = move;
+        this.state = state;
+        this.children = new LinkedList<GameNode>();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Constructor for node.
+     *
+     * @param move Move of node
+     * @param state Board of node
+     * @param parent Parent of node
+     */
+    GameNode(final Field move, final Reversi state, final GameNode parent) {
+        this(move, state);
+        parent.children.add(this);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     *
+     * @param score Score to set
+     */
+    public final void setScore(final double score) {
+        this.score = score;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     *
+     * @return Score
+     */
+    public final double getScore() {
+        return score;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     *
+     * @return Board
+     */
+    public final Reversi getState() {
+        return state;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     *
+     * @return Move
+     */
+    public final Field getMove() {
+        return move;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     *
+     * @return Children
+     */
+    public final LinkedList<GameNode> getChildren() {
+        return children;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Is needed to calculate the combined score of the parent node.
+     *
+     * @return GameNode with highest score
+     */
+    public final GameNode getChildrensHighestScore() {
+        GameNode highest = children.getFirst();
+
+        for (GameNode node : children) {
+            if (node.getScore() > highest.getScore()) {
+                highest = node;
+            }
+        }
+        return highest;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Is needed to calculate the combined score of the parent node.
+     *
+     * @return GameNode with lowest score
+     */
+    public final GameNode getChildrensLowestScore() {
+        GameNode lowest = children.getFirst();
+
+        for (GameNode node : children) {
+            if (node.getScore() < lowest.getScore()) {
+                lowest = node;
+            }
+        }
+        return lowest;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     *
+     * @return If node has at least one child
+     */
+    public final boolean hasChild() {
+        return (children.size() > 0);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set children of a node.
+     */
+    public final void fillNode() {
+        for (Field move : generateChildren()) {
+            Reversi tmpBoard = this.getState().clone();
+            tmpBoard.performMove(move.row(), move.col());
+            new GameNode(move, tmpBoard, this);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     *
+     * @return <code>Linkedlist</code> with possible moves in the
+     * current reversi-board.
+     */
+    private LinkedList<Field> generateChildren() {
+        LinkedList<Field> movesList = new LinkedList<Field>();
+
+        for (int row = 0; row < Board.SIZE; row++) {
+            for (int col = 0; col < Board.SIZE; col++) {
+                if (getState().isValidMove(row, col)) {
+                    movesList.add(new Field(row, col));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return movesList;
+    }
+}

Reversi/GameTree.java

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+package reversi.model;
+
+/**
+ * Class for a GameTree.
+ */
+public class GameTree {
+
+    /**
+     * Root gamenode of the gametree.
+     */
+    private GameNode root;
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs a new gametree.
+     *
+     * @param board of the root node
+     * @param level depth of the tree
+     */
+    GameTree(final Reversi board, final int level) {
+        this.root = new GameNode(new Field(0, 0), board.clone());
+        fillTree(root, level);
+        generateScores(root);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     *
+     * @return Root of the gametree.
+     */
+    public final GameNode getRoot() {
+        return root;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Fill the Tree with nodes.
+     *
+     * @param node Node to fill (in most cases root gamenode)
+     * @param depth depth of the tree (level)
+     */
+    private void fillTree(final GameNode node, final int depth) {
+        if (depth > 0) {
+            node.fillNode();
+
+            for (GameNode n : node.getChildren()) {
+                fillTree(n, (depth - 1));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Generates and sets the score of a Gamenode.
+     *
+     * @param node Gamenode to set
+     */
+    public final void generateScores(final GameNode node) {
+        Reversi currentBoard = node.getState();
+
+        if (!node.hasChild()) {
+            node.setScore(currentBoard.score());
+        } else {
+            double score;
+            score = currentBoard.score();
+
+            for (GameNode child : node.getChildren()) {
+                generateScores(child);
+            }
+
+            if (!currentBoard.next().getType()) {
+                score += node.getChildrensHighestScore().getScore();
+            } else {
+                score += node.getChildrensLowestScore().getScore();
+            }
+            node.setScore(score);
+        }
+    }
+}

Reversi/IllegalMoveException.java

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+package reversi.model;
+
+import java.awt.Toolkit;
+
+import javax.swing.JFrame;
+import javax.swing.JOptionPane;
+
+/**
+ * Class for a Illegal move in reversi game.
+ */
+public class IllegalMoveException extends RuntimeException {
+
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 240330120795325167L;
+
+    /**
+     * Prints an error or plays a "beep" if a illegal move is made.
+     * A beep is more common but not so easy to implement for various
+     * OS, so the sound is only played on Windows XP or 7.
+     *
+     * @param s Error to print
+     */
+    public IllegalMoveException(final String s) {
+        if (System.getProperty("os.name").equals("Windows 7")
+                || System.getProperty("os.name").equals("Windows XP")) {
+            Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().beep();
+        } else {
+        JFrame screen = new JFrame();
+        JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(screen, s);
+        }
+    }
+}

Reversi/MachineMoveThread.java

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+package reversi.controller;
+
+import reversi.model.Player;
+import reversi.model.Reversi;
+import reversi.view.ReversiView;
+
+/**
+ * Creates a new thread for the machine move.
+ */
+public class MachineMoveThread extends Thread {
+
+    private Reversi model;
+    private ReversiView view;
+    private Player bot;
+
+    MachineMoveThread(final Reversi model, final ReversiView view) {
+        this.model = model;
+        this.view = view;
+        this.bot = model.next();
+    }
+    @Override
+    public final void run() {
+        this.model.machineMove();
+        javax.swing.SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
+            @Override
+            public final void run() {
+                view.updatePlayField(model);
+                view.setMovePossible(true);
+            }
+        });
+
+        if (model.next() == bot && !model.gameOver()) {
+            this.run();
+            javax.swing.SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
+                @Override
+                public final void run() {
+                    view.viewMessage("Human has to miss a turn");
+                }
+            });
+        }
+    }
+}

Reversi/Player.java

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+package reversi.model;
+/**
+ * Class for a player of reversi.
+ */
+public class Player {
+    /**
+     * Indicates if a player is human.
+     */
+    private Boolean isHuman;
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs a new player.
+     *
+     * @param isHuman is the player human?
+     */
+    public Player(final boolean isHuman) {
+        this.isHuman = isHuman;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     *
+     * @return Is player human?
+     */
+    public final boolean getType() {
+        return isHuman;
+    }
+}

Reversi/Reversi.java

@@ -0,0 +1,527 @@
+package reversi.model;
+
+/**
+ * Class for reversi game. A human player tries to beat a bot with modifiable
+ * difficulty level.
+ */
+public class Reversi implements Board {
+
+    private Player bot;
+    private Player human;
+
+    /**
+     * Player with the next move.
+     */
+    private Player currentPlayer;
+    private Player firstPlayer;
+
+    /**
+     * Playboard saves the tiles.
+     */
+    private Player[][] playBoard;
+
+    /**
+     * Gametree for the bot to calculate future moves.
+     */
+    private GameTree gameTree;
+
+    /**
+     * Vectors to traverse the 8 directions around a tile.
+     */
+    private Field[] vectors;
+
+    /**
+     * Saves if game is over.
+     */
+    private boolean gameOver;
+
+    /**
+     * Standard weighting of the playboard. Used by the bot to calculate
+     * gametree.
+     */
+    private double[][] weighting = new double[][]
+       {{9999, 5, 500, 200, 200, 500, 5,  9999},
+        {5,    1, 50,  150, 150, 50,  1,    5},
+        {500, 50, 250, 100, 100, 250, 50,  500},
+        {200, 150, 100, 50, 50,  100, 150, 200},
+        {200, 150, 100, 50, 50,  100, 150, 200},
+        {500, 50, 250, 100, 100, 250, 50,  500},
+        {5,    1, 50,  150, 150, 50,   1,   5},
+        {9999, 5, 500, 200, 200, 500,  5, 9999}};
+
+    /**
+     * Difficulty level for the human. Represents the depth of the gametree.
+     */
+    private int level = 3;
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs a new reversi game.
+     *
+     * @param human Human player
+     * @param bot Machine player
+     * @param firstPlayer Player that starts
+     */
+    public Reversi(Player human, Player bot, Player firstPlayer) {
+        this.bot = bot;
+        this.human = human;
+        this.firstPlayer = firstPlayer;
+        this.playBoard = setInitialPositions();
+        currentPlayer = firstPlayer;
+        this.vectors = generateVectors();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    public final Player getFirstPlayer() {
+        return firstPlayer;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    public final Player next() {
+        return currentPlayer;
+    }
+
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    public final boolean move(final int row, final int col) {
+        if (currentPlayer != human) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        if (!isValidMove(row, col)) {
+            new IllegalMoveException("Error! invalid move at ("
+                    + (row + 1) + ", " + (col + 1) + ").");
+            return false;
+        }
+        performMove(row, col);
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    public final void machineMove() {
+        if (currentPlayer != bot) {
+            return;
+        }
+        gameTree = new GameTree(this, level);
+        Field bestMove = gameTree.getRoot()
+                            .getChildrensHighestScore().getMove();
+
+        performMove(bestMove.row(), bestMove.col());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    public final void setLevel(final int level) {
+        this.level = level;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    public final boolean gameOver() {
+        return gameOver;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    public final Player getWinner() {
+        if (getNumberOfHumanTiles() > getNumberOfMachineTiles()) {
+            return human;
+        } else if (getNumberOfHumanTiles() == getNumberOfMachineTiles()) {
+            return null;
+        } else {
+            return bot;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    public final int getNumberOfHumanTiles() {
+        return numberOfTiles(human);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    public final int getNumberOfMachineTiles() {
+        return numberOfTiles(bot);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    public final int getNumberOfTilesSet() {
+        int n = (getNumberOfHumanTiles() + getNumberOfMachineTiles());
+        return n;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    public final Player getSlot(final int row, final int col) {
+        return playBoard[row][col];
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public final Reversi clone() {
+        Reversi boardCopy = new Reversi(human, bot, firstPlayer);
+        boardCopy.currentPlayer = currentPlayer;
+        Player[][] playBoardCopy = new Player[SIZE][SIZE];
+
+        for (int row = 0; row < SIZE; row++) {
+            for (int col = 0; col < SIZE; col++) {
+                playBoardCopy[row][col] = playBoard[row][col];
+            }
+        }
+        boardCopy.playBoard = playBoardCopy;
+        return boardCopy;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Generate the vectors for the 8 directions. array[0] = 0°,
+     *  array[1] = 45°...
+     * 
+     * @return <code>boolean-array</code> with all vector fields
+     */
+    private Field[] generateVectors() {
+        Field[] vector = {
+                new Field(-1, 0),
+                new Field(-1, +1),
+                new Field(0, +1),
+                new Field(+1, +1),
+                new Field(+1, 0),
+                new Field(+1, -1),
+                new Field(0, -1),
+                new Field(-1, -1)};
+        return vector;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Sets two tiles/player at the beginning of the match in the middle of
+     * of the playboard.
+     *
+     * @return <code>Player-array</code>
+     */
+    private Player[][] setInitialPositions() {
+        Player[][] playBoard = new Player[SIZE][SIZE];
+
+        for (int row = 0; row < SIZE; row++) {
+            for (int col = 0; col < SIZE; col++) {
+                if (((SIZE / 2) - 1 == row || SIZE / 2 == row)
+                        && ((SIZE - col - 1) == row)) {
+                    playBoard[row][col] = firstPlayer;
+                } else if ((SIZE / 2 - 1 == row || SIZE / 2 == row)
+                        && (col  == row)) {
+                    playBoard[row][col] = getEnemy(firstPlayer);
+                } else {
+                    playBoard[row][col] = null;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return playBoard;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     *
+     * @param self Player
+     * @return Enemy of the Player
+     */
+    private Player getEnemy(final Player self) {
+        if (self == human) {
+            return bot;
+        } else {
+            return human;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Switches the currentplayer and checks if the next player can do a valid
+     * move. If both players cannot move the game is over.
+     * game is over
+     */
+    private void switchPlayer() {
+        currentPlayer = getEnemy(currentPlayer);
+
+        if (!movePossible()) {
+            currentPlayer = getEnemy(currentPlayer);
+
+            if (!movePossible()) {
+                gameOver = true;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Switch a tile to the current player.
+     *
+     * @param row Row of field
+     * @param col Column of field
+     */
+    private void switchTile(final int row, final int col) {
+        playBoard[row][col] = currentPlayer;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Switch all corresponding enemy tiles around a <code>field</code>.
+     *
+     * @param row Row of field
+     * @param col Column of field
+     */
+    private void switchTiles(final int row, final int col) {
+        boolean[] surrounders = validMoves(row, col);
+        switchTile(row, col);
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+            if (surrounders[i]) {
+                int x = row + vectors[i].row();
+                int y = col + vectors[i].col();
+
+                while (playBoard[x][y] != currentPlayer) {
+                    switchTile(x, y);
+                    x = x + vectors[i].row();
+                    y = y + vectors[i].col();
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private int numberOfTiles(Player player) {
+        int mount = 0;
+
+            for (int row = 0; row < SIZE; row++) {
+                for (int col = 0; col < SIZE; col++) {
+                    if (playBoard[row][col] == player) {
+                        mount++;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        return mount;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     *
+     * @param row Row of the field
+     * @param col Column of the field
+     * @return <code>true</code> if field with <code>row</code> and
+     *                          <code>col</code> is not set by one of the
+     *                          player <br /> else if field is set
+     */
+    private boolean isFree(final int row, final int col) {
+        if (playBoard[row][col] == null) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Checks the hole playBoard if the current player can do a valid move.
+     *
+     * @return <code>true</code> if another move is possible.
+     */
+    private boolean movePossible() {
+        for (int row = 0; row < SIZE; row++) {
+            for (int col = 0; col < SIZE; col++) {
+
+                if (isValidMove(row, col)) {
+                    return true;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Walk the board in a direction.
+     *
+     * @param row Row of field
+     * @param col Column of field
+     * @param x row direction to walk
+     * @param y column direction to walk
+     * @return if the direction has a valid move
+     */
+    private boolean boardWalker(int row, int col, final int x, final int y) {
+        row = row + x;
+        col = col + y;
+        int counter = 0;
+
+        while (row < SIZE && row >= 0 && col < SIZE && col >= 0) {
+            if (playBoard[row][col] == null) {
+                return false;
+            } else if (playBoard[row][col] == currentPlayer) {
+
+                return (counter > 0);
+            }
+            row = row + x;
+            col = col + y;
+            counter++;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Checks a boolean array if it contains a value that is true.
+     *
+     * @param array Array
+     * @return <code>true</code> if any value is true
+     */
+    private boolean checkBoolArray(final boolean[] array) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
+            if (array[i]) {
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     *
+     * @param row Row of field
+     * @param col Column of field
+     * @return if the currentPlayer can do a move on field(row, col)
+     */
+    final boolean isValidMove(final int row, final int col) {
+        return isFree(row, col)
+                && checkBoolArray(validMoves(row, col));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Searches a field for valid moves.
+     *
+     * @param row Row of field
+     * @param col Column of field
+     * @return <code>Array</code> of enemy tiles: <br />
+     * array[0] is at 0°, array[1] is diagonal 45°,<br />
+     * array[2] right 90° and so on
+     */
+    private boolean[] validMoves(final int row, final int col) {
+        boolean[] neighbourhood = new boolean[8];
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < neighbourhood.length; i++) {
+            neighbourhood[i] = boardWalker(row, col,
+                    vectors[i].row(), vectors[i].col());
+        }
+        return neighbourhood;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Switches all tiles and changes switches player if possible.
+     *
+     * @param row Row of field
+     * @param col Column of field
+     */
+    void performMove(final int row, final int col) {
+        switchTiles(row, col);
+        switchPlayer();
+
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Calculates the score of a reversi.
+     *
+     * @return <code>score</code>
+     */
+    double score() {
+        double score = (scoreT() + scoreM() + scoreP());
+        return score;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Calculates the weighting score.
+     *
+     * @return <code>scoreT</code>
+     */
+    private double scoreT() {
+        double scoreSelf = 0;
+        double scoreEnemy = 0;
+
+        for (int row = 0; row < SIZE; row++) {
+            for (int col = 0; col < SIZE; col++) {
+                if (playBoard[row][col] == bot) {
+                    scoreSelf += weighting[row][col];
+                } else if (playBoard[row][col] == human) {
+                    scoreEnemy += weighting[row][col];
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return (scoreSelf - (1.5 * scoreEnemy));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Calculates the mobility score.
+     *
+     * @return <code>scoreM</code>
+     */
+    private double scoreM() {
+        double scoreSelf = 0;
+        double scoreEnemy = 0;
+        Player tmp = currentPlayer;
+        int n = getNumberOfTilesSet();
+
+        for (int row = 0; row < SIZE; row++) {
+            for (int col = 0; col < SIZE; col++) {
+                currentPlayer = bot;
+
+                if (isValidMove(row, col)) {
+                    scoreSelf++;
+                }
+                currentPlayer = human;
+
+                if (isValidMove(row, col)) {
+                    scoreEnemy++;
+                }
+                currentPlayer = bot;
+            }
+        }
+        currentPlayer = tmp;
+        return (64.0 / n) * (3.0 * scoreSelf - 4.0 * scoreEnemy);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Calculates the future-potential score.
+     *
+     * @return <code>scoreP</code>
+     */
+    private double scoreP() {
+        double scoreSelf = 0;
+        double scoreEnemy = 0;
+        int n = getNumberOfTilesSet();
+
+        for (int row = 0; row < SIZE; row++) {
+            for (int col = 0; col < SIZE; col++) {
+                if (playBoard[row][col] == human) {
+                    for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
+                        int x = row + vectors[i].row();
+                        int y = col + vectors[i].col();
+
+                        if ((x >= 0 && x < SIZE && y >= 0 && y < SIZE)
+                            && (playBoard[x][y] == null)) {
+                                scoreSelf++;
+                        }
+                    }
+                } else if (playBoard[row][col] == bot) {
+                    for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
+                        int x = row + vectors[i].row();
+                        int y = col + vectors[i].col();
+
+                        if ((x >= 0 && x < SIZE && y >= 0 && y < SIZE)
+                            && (playBoard[x][y] == null)) {
+                                scoreEnemy++;
+                            }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return (64.0 / (2 * n)) * (2.5 * scoreSelf - 3.0 * scoreEnemy);
+    }
+}

Reversi/ReversiController.java

@@ -0,0 +1,237 @@
+package reversi.controller;
+
+import java.awt.Frame;
+import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
+import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
+import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
+import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
+import java.util.Stack;
+
+import javax.swing.JComboBox;
+
+import reversi.model.Board;
+import reversi.model.Field;
+import reversi.model.IllegalMoveException;
+import reversi.model.Player;
+import reversi.model.Reversi;
+import reversi.view.ReversiField;
+import reversi.view.ReversiView;
+
+/**
+ * Controller has an instance of the board and handles the
+ * mouse and keyboard actions. Updates the gui if playBoard changes.
+ */
+public class ReversiController {
+
+    private Player human = new Player(true);
+    private Player bot = new Player(false);
+    private Reversi model;
+    private ReversiView view;
+    private MachineMoveThread machineMoveThread;
+
+    /**
+     * Stack for UndoMove method.
+     */
+    private Stack<Reversi> pastMoves;
+
+    /**
+     * Create the model and the view.
+     */
+    public ReversiController() {
+        this.model = new Reversi(human, bot, human);
+        this.view = new ReversiView();
+        addListener();
+        this.view.updatePlayField(this.model);
+        createStack();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * View the gui.
+     */
+    public final void showView() {
+        this.view.setVisible(true);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Opens a new reversi game.
+     *
+     * @param firstPlayer Player that starts
+     * @return new reversi board
+     */
+    private Reversi newGame(Player firstPlayer) {
+
+        stopMachineMoveThread();
+        createStack();
+        Reversi model = new Reversi(this.human, this.bot, firstPlayer);
+        model.setLevel(this.view.getLevel());
+
+        if (firstPlayer == bot) {
+            performMachineMove(model);
+        } else {
+            this.view.updatePlayField(model);
+            this.view.setMovePossible(true);
+        }
+        return model;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Add all Listener in the gui.
+     */
+    private void addListener() {
+        setPlayFieldListeners();
+        this.view.setNewGameListener(new NewGameListener());
+        this.view.setSwitchLevelListener(new SwitchLevelListener());
+        this.view.setSwitchGameListener(new SwitchGameListener());
+        this.view.setUndoMoveListener(new UndoMoveListener());
+        this.view.setQuitGameListener(new QuitGameListener());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set the MouseListener for each PlayField.
+     */
+    private void setPlayFieldListeners() {
+        for (int row = 0; row < Board.SIZE; row++) {
+            for (int col = 0; col < Board.SIZE; col++) {
+                this.view.setPlayFieldListener(
+                        new FieldListener(), new Field(row, col));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Init Stack and disable Undo Button.
+     */
+    private void createStack() {
+        this.pastMoves = new Stack<Reversi>();
+        view.setUndoButtonVisible(false);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return to the state of the board before the last human and bot move.
+     */
+    private void undoMove() {
+        stopMachineMoveThread();
+        this.model = pastMoves.pop();
+        this.view.updatePlayField(this.model);
+
+        if (pastMoves.isEmpty()) {
+            this.view.setUndoButtonVisible(false);
+        } else {
+            this.view.setMovePossible(true);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void performMachineMove(Reversi model) {
+        this.view.setMovePossible(false);
+        machineMoveThread = new MachineMoveThread(model, this.view);
+        machineMoveThread.start();
+    }
+
+    private void performHumanMove(Field field) {
+        pastMoves.push(model.clone());
+        view.setUndoButtonVisible(true);
+
+        if (model.move(field.row(), field.col())) {
+            if (model.next() == human && !model.gameOver()) {
+                javax.swing.SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
+                    @Override
+                    public final void run() {
+                        view.viewMessage("The bot has to miss a turn");
+                    }
+                });
+            }
+        } else {
+            undoMove();
+        }
+
+        view.updatePlayField(model);
+
+        if (model.next() == bot) {
+            performMachineMove(model);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
+    private void stopMachineMoveThread() {
+        if (machineMoveThread != null) {
+            machineMoveThread.stop();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Inner class FieldListener performs a move on click and starts the
+     * machine move. After every move, game over check is done.
+     */
+    private class FieldListener extends MouseAdapter {
+        @Override
+        public void mousePressed(final MouseEvent event) {
+            if (!view.getMovePossible()) {
+                new IllegalMoveException("Machine Move is active");
+                return;
+            }
+
+            Field field = ((ReversiField) event.getComponent()).getField();
+            performHumanMove(field);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Create Listener for the level switch combobox.
+     */
+    private class SwitchLevelListener implements ActionListener {
+        @Override
+        public void actionPerformed(final ActionEvent e) {
+            @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+            JComboBox<Integer> level = (JComboBox<Integer>) e.getSource();
+            model.setLevel((Integer) level.getSelectedItem());
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Create Listener for the new game button.
+     */
+    private class NewGameListener implements ActionListener {
+        @Override
+        public void actionPerformed(final ActionEvent e) {
+            model = newGame(model.getFirstPlayer());
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Create Listener for the switch game button.
+     */
+    private class SwitchGameListener implements ActionListener {
+        @Override
+        public void actionPerformed(final ActionEvent e) {
+
+            if (model.getFirstPlayer() == human) {
+                model = newGame(bot);
+            } else {
+                model = newGame(human);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Create Listener for the undo move button.
+     */
+    private class UndoMoveListener implements ActionListener {
+        @Override
+        public void actionPerformed(final ActionEvent e) {
+            undoMove();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Create Listener for the quit game button.
+     */
+    private class QuitGameListener implements ActionListener {
+        @Override
+        public void actionPerformed(final ActionEvent e) {
+            for (Frame frame : java.awt.Frame.getFrames()) {
+                frame.dispose();
+            }
+            stopMachineMoveThread();
+        }
+    }
+}

Reversi/ReversiField.java

@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+package reversi.view;
+
+
+import java.awt.Color;
+import java.awt.Graphics;
+import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
+
+import javax.swing.JPanel;
+
+import reversi.model.Field;
+import reversi.model.Player;
+
+/**
+ * Class for a single play field panel. Paints the circles with the color of
+ * the Player.
+ */
+public class ReversiField extends JPanel {
+
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = -5762403586769495603L;
+    private int height;
+    private int width;
+    private int y;
+    private int x;
+    private final Field field;
+    private Player player;
+
+    /**
+     *
+     * @param field <code>Field</code> with coordinates of the play field.
+     */
+    public ReversiField(final Field field) {
+        this.field = field;
+        setPlayer(player);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    @Override
+    public final void paintComponent(final Graphics g) {
+        super.paintComponent(g);
+
+        height = (int) (super.getHeight() * 0.8);
+        width = (int) (super.getWidth() * 0.8);
+        y = (int) (width * 0.1 + 2);
+        x = (int) (height * 0.1 + 2);
+
+        if (player != null && player.getType()) {
+            g.setColor(Color.BLUE);
+            g.fillOval(y, x, width, height);
+        } else if (player != null && !player.getType()) {
+            g.setColor(Color.RED);
+            g.fillOval(y, x, width, height);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     *
+     * @return <code>Field</code> with coordinates of the play field.
+     */
+    public final Field getField() {
+        return this.field;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set the listener created in the controller.
+     *
+     * @param ma Mouseadapter
+     */
+    public final void setListener(final MouseAdapter ma) {
+        this.addMouseListener(ma);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set a player on a field (draw the circle in right color).
+     *
+     * @param player Player that is set.
+     */
+    public void setPlayer(Player player) {
+        this.player = player;
+        repaint();
+    }
+}

Reversi/ReversiGame.java

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+package reversi.main;
+
+import reversi.controller.ReversiController;
+
+/**
+ * Starts a Reversi Game with the gui.
+ */
+public final class ReversiGame {
+
+        private ReversiController controller;
+
+        private ReversiGame() {
+            this.controller = new ReversiController();
+        }
+
+        /**
+         *
+         * @param args unused...
+         */
+        public static void main(final String...args) {
+            ReversiGame reversiGame = new ReversiGame();
+            reversiGame.controller.showView();
+    }
+}

Reversi/ReversiPlayBoard.java

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+package reversi.view;
+
+import java.awt.Color;
+import java.awt.GridLayout;
+import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
+
+import javax.swing.JPanel;
+import javax.swing.border.CompoundBorder;
+import javax.swing.border.EmptyBorder;
+import javax.swing.border.MatteBorder;
+
+import reversi.model.Board;
+import reversi.model.Field;
+import reversi.model.Reversi;
+
+/**
+ * Create a reversi playboard for the reversi game gui.
+ */
+public class ReversiPlayBoard extends JPanel {
+
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 2725183063551812386L;
+    private ReversiField[][] playField = new ReversiField
+                                    [Board.SIZE][Board.SIZE];
+
+    /**
+     * Init array with all reversi fields. Set background and tooltip of
+     * fields.
+     */
+    public ReversiPlayBoard() {
+        this.setLayout(new GridLayout(Board.SIZE, Board.SIZE));
+        this.setBorder(new CompoundBorder(
+                null, new EmptyBorder(0, 0, 10, 10)));
+
+        for (int row = 0; row < Board.SIZE; row++) {
+            for (int col = 0; col < Board.SIZE; col++) {
+                playField[row][col] = new ReversiField(new Field(row, col));
+                playField[row][col].setBorder(
+                        new MatteBorder(1, 1, 0, 0, Color.BLACK));
+                playField[row][col].setBackground(new Color(0, 170, 0));
+                playField[row][col].setToolTipText("Click to make a move!");
+                this.add(playField[row][col]);
+            }
+        }
+        this.setVisible(true);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Update hole playboard players.
+     *
+     * @param board Board to update.
+     */
+    public void updatePlayBoard(Reversi board) {
+        for (int row = 0; row < Board.SIZE; row++) {
+            for (int col = 0; col < Board.SIZE; col++) {
+                this.playField[row][col].setPlayer(board.getSlot(row, col));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set mouselistener of <code>field</code>
+     *
+     * @param ma Mouseadapter
+     * @param field Field
+     */
+    public final void setFieldListener(
+        final MouseAdapter ma, final Field field) {
+        this.playField[field.row()][field.col()].setListener(ma);
+    }
+}

Reversi/ReversiView.java

@@ -0,0 +1,292 @@
+package reversi.view;
+
+import java.awt.BorderLayout;
+import java.awt.Color;
+import java.awt.Container;
+import java.awt.FlowLayout;
+import java.awt.Font;
+import java.awt.GridLayout;
+import java.awt.Toolkit;
+import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
+import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
+import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
+
+import javax.swing.JButton;
+import javax.swing.JComboBox;
+import javax.swing.JFrame;
+import javax.swing.JLabel;
+import javax.swing.JOptionPane;
+import javax.swing.JPanel;
+import javax.swing.SwingConstants;
+import javax.swing.border.CompoundBorder;
+import javax.swing.border.EmptyBorder;
+
+import reversi.model.Board;
+import reversi.model.Field;
+import reversi.model.Reversi;
+
+/**
+ * Create and update the gui.
+ */
+public class ReversiView extends JFrame {
+
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 5382834862595792805L;
+    private boolean movePossible;
+    private ReversiPlayBoard playBoard;
+    private JPanel horizTableLabel;
+    private JPanel verticTableLabel;
+    private JLabel humanTiles;
+    private JLabel botTiles;
+    private JComboBox<Integer> switchLevel =
+        new JComboBox<Integer>(new Integer[] {1, 2, 3, 4, 5});
+    private JButton newGame = new JButton("New");
+    private JButton switchGame = new JButton("Switch");
+    private JButton undoMove = new JButton("Undo");
+    private JButton quitGame = new JButton("Quit");
+
+    /**
+     * Create the gui for the reversi game.
+     */
+    public ReversiView() {
+        super("Reversi");
+        initForms();
+        movePossible = true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Create all buttons and the playfield.
+     */
+    private void initForms() {
+        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
+        this.setSize(410, 450);
+        this.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
+
+        playBoard = new ReversiPlayBoard();
+        verticTableLabel = verticTableLabel();
+        horizTableLabel = horizTableLabel();
+        humanTiles = tilesSet();
+        humanTiles.setForeground(Color.BLUE);
+        botTiles = tilesSet();
+        botTiles.setForeground(Color.RED);
+
+        Container menuBar = new Container();
+        menuBar.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
+        menuBar.add(humanTiles);
+        menuBar.add(switchLevel);
+        menuBar.add(newGame);
+        menuBar.add(switchGame);
+        switchLevel.setSelectedIndex(2);
+        menuBar.add(undoMove);
+        menuBar.add(quitGame);
+        menuBar.add(botTiles);
+
+
+        this.getContentPane().add(playBoard, BorderLayout.CENTER);
+        this.getContentPane().add(menuBar, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
+        this.getContentPane().add(verticTableLabel, BorderLayout.WEST);
+        this.getContentPane().add(horizTableLabel, BorderLayout.NORTH);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Create the vertical label for the playfield.
+     *
+     * @return JPanel The label.
+     */
+    private JPanel verticTableLabel() {
+        JPanel panel = new JPanel();
+        panel.setLayout(new GridLayout(Board.SIZE, 1));
+        panel.setBorder(new CompoundBorder(
+                null, new EmptyBorder(0, 5, 10, 5)));
+
+        for (int i = 1; i <= Board.SIZE; i++) {
+            JLabel tmp = new JLabel(String.valueOf(i));
+            panel.add(tmp);
+        }
+        return panel;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Create the horizontal label for the playfield.
+     *
+     * @return JPanel The label.
+     */
+    private JPanel horizTableLabel() {
+        JPanel panel = new JPanel();
+        panel.setLayout(new GridLayout(1, Board.SIZE));
+        panel.setBorder(new CompoundBorder(
+                null, new EmptyBorder(0, 20, 0, 12)));
+
+        for (int i = 1; i <= Board.SIZE; i++) {
+            JLabel tmp = new JLabel(String.valueOf(i));
+            tmp.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
+            panel.add(tmp);
+        }
+        return panel;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Creates both labels for the number of tiles that are set.
+     *
+     * @return JLabel The label.
+     */
+    private JLabel tilesSet() {
+        JLabel tiles = new JLabel();
+        tiles.setBorder(new CompoundBorder(null, new EmptyBorder(0, 3, 0, 3)));
+        tiles.setFont(new Font(Font.DIALOG, Font.BOLD, 20));
+        return tiles;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     *
+     * @return Level
+     */
+    public final int getLevel() {
+        return (Integer) this.switchLevel.getSelectedItem();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     *
+     * @return <code>true</code> if human is allowed to perform a move.<br />
+     * <code>false</code> e.g. if a machine move is active.
+     */
+    public boolean getMovePossible() {
+        return movePossible;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     *
+     * @param movePossible Set if human move is possible.
+     */
+    public final void setMovePossible(final boolean movePossible) {
+        this.movePossible = movePossible;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     *
+     * @param bool Set the undo button vissibility.
+     */
+    public final void setUndoButtonVisible(final boolean bool) {
+        this.undoMove.setEnabled(bool);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Update the Tiles display in the gui.
+     *
+     * @param human Human amount of tiles.
+     * @param bot Amount of machine tiles.
+     */
+    private void setTilesSet(int human, int bot) {
+        this.humanTiles.setText(String.valueOf(human));
+        this.botTiles.setText(String.valueOf(bot));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Updates the players on the playfield.
+     *
+     * @param model Board to update.
+     */
+    public final void updatePlayField(final Reversi model) {
+        javax.swing.SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
+            @Override
+            public final void run() {
+                playBoard.updatePlayBoard(model);
+                setTilesSet(model.getNumberOfHumanTiles(),
+                        model.getNumberOfMachineTiles());
+
+                /* check movePossible just because of thread interference
+                  when game is over
+                  */
+                if (model.gameOver() && movePossible) {
+                    viewMessage(winnerMessage(model));
+                    movePossible = false;
+                }
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Show a message dialog and play a system sound.
+     *
+     * @param msg Message to show.
+     */
+    public final void viewMessage(final String msg) {
+        Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().beep();
+        JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, msg);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Checks which player has won.
+     *
+     * @return Message with the winner.
+     */
+    private String winnerMessage(Reversi model) {
+        if (model.getWinner() == null) {
+            return "Tie game!";
+        } else if (model.getWinner().getType()) {
+            return "You have won!";
+        } else {
+            return "The Computer has won!";
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Pass the field listener of the controller to ReversiPlayBoard class.
+     *
+     * @param ma Mouseadapter
+     * @param field Field
+     */
+    public final void setPlayFieldListener(
+            final MouseAdapter ma, final Field field) {
+        this.playBoard.setFieldListener(ma, field);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     *
+     * @param l Actionlistener
+     */
+    public final void setSwitchLevelListener(final ActionListener l) {
+        this.switchLevel.addActionListener(l);
+        this.switchLevel.setToolTipText("Choose a difficulty level");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     *
+     * @param l Actionlistener
+     */
+    public final void setNewGameListener(final ActionListener l) {
+        this.newGame.addActionListener(l);
+        this.newGame.setMnemonic(KeyEvent.VK_N);
+        this.newGame.setToolTipText("Start new game");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     *
+     * @param l Actionlistener
+     */
+    public final void setSwitchGameListener(final ActionListener l) {
+        this.switchGame.addActionListener(l);
+        this.switchGame.setMnemonic(KeyEvent.VK_S);
+        this.switchGame.setToolTipText(
+                "Switch first player and start new game");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     *
+     * @param l Actionlistener
+     */
+    public final void setUndoMoveListener(final ActionListener l) {
+        this.undoMove.addActionListener(l);
+        this.undoMove.setMnemonic(KeyEvent.VK_U);
+        this.undoMove.setToolTipText("Undo last move");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     *
+     * @param l Actionlistener
+     */
+    public final void setQuitGameListener(final ActionListener l) {
+        this.quitGame.addActionListener(l);
+        this.quitGame.setMnemonic(KeyEvent.VK_Q);
+        this.quitGame.setToolTipText("Quit the Game");
+    }
+}